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In a series-regulated power supply, the power dissipation of the pass transistor is:
directly proportional to the load current and the input/output voltage differential
The pass transistor in a series linear regulator drops the voltage difference between input (Vin) and output (Vout). Power dissipated in it is P = (Vin - Vout) × I_load. Thus, dissipation increases with load current and the voltage differential.
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